Varicose veins are a disease in which they stretch and reduce the elasticity of the walls.The disease occurs as a result of impaired outflow from the veins;most often the disease is localized in the lower extremities.This is the most common pathological condition that occurs with vascular diseases.It occurs several times more often in women than in men.
Varicose veins can appear in women with dilation of the pelvic veins, in men in the form of varicocele and in anyone in the form of hemorrhoids.Often, pregnancy is a factor provoking the development of this condition, since changes in blood rheology towards thickening, as well as increased pressure of the uterus on the pelvic veins, increase venous stagnation.
The disease develops as a result of insufficiency of venous valves, changes in the vascular wall (its expansion, decreased elasticity).
How do varicose veins manifest?
This pathological process does not begin suddenly, but at first the symptoms of varicose veins are not typical and can be attributed to habitual fatigue.The overflow of blood from the veins is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the legs, and fatigue when walking and standing for long periods of time develops faster than before.
At this stage, treatment and prevention of the disease are most effective, but many do not pay attention to it, so most often they go to the doctor in already very advanced cases.
The formation of vascular networks in the form of “stars” or “bundles” begins to cause some discomfort, since in addition to increased fatigue and the appearance of swelling, many women are worried about the very fact that the appearance of the legs becomes less aesthetic.
Stagnation of blood in the vessels does not go away on its own, which is why the disease begins to progress.As a result, the swelling becomes more pronounced, does not go away after taking a horizontal position, muscle pain appears, and metabolic disorders lead to the development of leg cramps, especially characteristic of this disease, the skin on the legs becomes dry and irritated.
At the same time, veins begin to stand out, which are clearly visible under the skin, like blue strands, some of them change shape, becoming denser and twisted.The patient is concerned about changes in skin color and itching.If phlebitis occurs, the vein swells, hardens, and the skin in this area becomes red.
With varicose veins in the pelvis, pain most often occurs in the lower abdomen, which is characterized by intensification when lifting heavy objects, before the onset of menstruation and during sexual intercourse.All of these situations cause blood flow and increased congestion.The factor that provokes the development of varicose veins of the small pelvis is pregnancy and childbirth.
Features of circulatory disorders in the deep veins.
Some people think that varicose veins are just a cosmetic defect that causes problems only for the fair sex, but this is not the case.The main outflow of blood from the legs to the heart passes through deep veins, so this pathology does not always manifest itself in the form of external changes.
The manifestations of the disease, with the predominance of such a phenomenon as deep venous varicose veins, do not differ from other variants of the disease: heaviness appears in the legs, swelling develops, which intensifies as pathological changes progress, and subsequently a change in skin color and the development of trophic ulcers in the affected area occurs.
There are cases when varicose veins of the deep veins of the lower extremities develop secondarily, as a result of stagnation of all veins, since disturbances in the outflow in the superficial vessels cause increased tension in the superficial vessels.
Treatment and therapy
The treatment of varicose veins can be therapeutic and surgical.Conservatively, it is possible to alleviate the condition if the changes in the veins are not too pronounced;For this there are venotonics, ointments and gels for topical use.All this is combined with the use of compression stockings.
Surgical methods include many methods of radical relief of severe varicose veins.This includes phlebectomy, crossectomy, and vein stripping.Among modern methods, endoscopic vein surgery is practiced.